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The most common notations are hexadecimal notation and bit-reversed notation, both of which format the MAC address in 6 groups of 2 hexadecimal digits. EUI-48 IEEE global identifier standard that is associated with 48-bit MAC addresses. These identifiers consist of 24-bits for the organization identifier, and 24-bits for the extension identifier. When Software Update says that your Mac is up to date, the installed version of macOS and all of its apps are also up to date. That includes Safari, Music, Photos, Books, Messages, Mail, Calendar, and FaceTime.

Imagine... you have a binary file and don't know its contents. Or some software creates binary files you have a specification for but don't want to decode them manually.

Have you ever looked at hex dumps and felt how hard it is to make sense of it? And to remember the meaning of all the bits and bytes?

Synalyze It! allows you to create a “grammar“ for your binary files interactively. Unlike in regular hex editors or viewers the files are interpreted automatically for you! Analysis of binary files has never been easier.

Additionally Synalyze It! is a full-featured Hex Editor for Mac OS X allowing you to edit files of unlimited size and interpret the bytes with dozens of text encodings.


Essentially it’s a modeling tool for arbitrary file formats that is being used by software developers and data stream experts as well as in computer forensics.

The grammars are stored as XML files and contain all the structures that may occur in a file of a certain format, just like XML schemas. It’s even possible to inherit structures from others (like in OO languages) so you don't have to repeat for example a length field that appears at the beginning of each structure.


Synalyze It! is an extremely flexible and useful tool for viewing binary file data. It enables you to easily apply a structured format to your file bytes and convert them into meaningful displays of data.


Synalyze It! provides formatters for common binary types like ICC, PNG, TIFF, WAV, ZIP and dozens more. That alone is useful but, if you’re a programmer creating a custom binary file format, Synalyze It! is priceless.
With Synalyze It!, you can create custom data formatters for your personal binary files. Instead of struggling with cryptic lines of hexadecimal, you can view and label data values as floating point or integer, signed or unsigned, with any byte length. Your files can even modify the formatting, allowing you to create settings on the fly to variably view your data.
If the standard formatting tools are not enough, you can write formatting scripts using Python or Lua. I quickly got ambitious and was soon in over my head exploring Synalyze It!’s features. When I emailed a question to the developer, the technical support was outstanding. I was sent a complete solution to my problem that also served as an advanced Synalyze It! tutorial.
I doubt that I will ever fully exploit the potential of Synalyze It! but the value I’ve received is already many multiples of the price I paid.

John Goodman


For some well-known formats you can download grammars here. Matching grammars are suggested automatically when you open a file.

Right now you can download Synalyze It! for Mac OS X and give it a try. In case of questions or problems please give me feedback. The latest changes can be tracked here; stay tuned also on Twitter.



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If you like Synalyze It! consider buying the Pro version in the Mac App Store.
The Pro version has even more useful features beyond hex editing.

Hi,

I just bought the pro version of Synalyze, and I am very glad I did. Thank you for taking the time to bring this excellent tool to life.
I’m the author of an open-source program called SleepyHead, which is used for reviewing CPAP machine data (used in Sleep Apnea treatment), and already I’m wishing I discovered Synalyze a lot sooner, as an awful lot of binary format hacking is involved thanks to the manufacturers not releasing documentation.
I particularly like being able to use expressions in the length fields.. I spent ages looking through the example grammar and scripts only to find I didn’t even need them thanks to this feature. (It pays to read the manual first.. ;)
Keep up the good work!
Regards
Mark Watkins


Mac Hex Editor for Professionals

There are some hex editors for Mac available but only Synalyze It! allows to create a grammar for automatic file decoding in a specialized grammar editor.

  1. Simply open the file you want to analyze
  2. Create an empty grammar
  3. Select bytes in the hex editor and add an element or structure to the grammar using the context menu
  4. Enhance the grammar in the grammar editor


Other special features of Synalyze It!:

  • Supports various encodings like ASCII, EBCDIC, UTF-8 or UTF-16 (see ICU for all supported encodings)
  • Lets you easily see if a file is compressed with the histogram view
  • Opens even huge files ultra fast by loading only the visible part of a file
  • Hex editing works with the same mouse and keyboard commands like in common text editors

In case you need a tool specialized in disk editing, I recommend to check out iBored.


Recent updates:

2020-01-05: Added grammar for Commander Keen 1-3 saved games
2019-09-13: Version 1.23 released with dark mode support
2019-05-16: Added grammar for Ducati Data Analyzer dda files (thank you, Jack!)
2019-02-17: Added grammar for Atari Lynx .lnx files (thank you, Brian!)
2019-02-14: Added grammar for uImage files on Linux (thank you, Lukas!)

Older additions to the web site can be found here…


A: When you're browsing the web, reading an email, or viewing a document, you may come across characters that don't appear on your keyboard. These are called 'special characters,' which you can insert using one of several different techniques. In this article, we'll cover four different ways to insert special characters in Mac OS X.

1. Copy and Paste

Sometimes the easiest way to enter a special character is to simply copy and paste it. For example, if you see a heart symbol on a webpage that you want to use, you can select the symbol by double-clicking it, then copy it to the clipboard by pressing Command+C. You can then click inside a document or an online form and press Command+V to paste the symbol where the flashing cursor is located.

2. Option Key Shortcuts

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An option key shortcut is a key combination that can be used to quickly insert a special character while you are typing. To use an Option key shortcut, hold the Option key on your keyboard, then type the key corresponding to your desired special character, then release the Option key. For example, you can enter a copyright symbol (©) by pressing Option+G. You can enter an upside-down question mark (¿) by pressing Option+Shift+/. To enter a vowel with an accent, you can press Option+E, then press the vowel you want to enter. For example, pressing Option+E, followed by the 'A' key will enter the á character.

Below are some examples of other common Option key shortcuts:

  1. © - Option+G
  2. √ - Option+V
  3.  - Option+Shift+K
  4. ä - Option+U, then type A
  5. è - Option+`, then type E

While Option key shortcuts are the easiest way to enter special characters in Mac OS X, they also require you to know what key combinations are used for specific characters. While you may be able to remember a few common shortcuts, it can be difficult to remember them all. If you need to look up a special character, you can try the next method.

3. The Character Viewer

The Character Viewer displays special characters in a window. allowing you to view the characters before inserting them. Instead of using using a key combination, you can simply double-click the special character you want to enter. To open the Character Viewer, click the Edit option in the menu bar and select Edit → Special Characters… as shown below.

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You can also open the Character Viewer by clicking the Input Sources icon (which is usually a flag) near the date and time in the right side of the menu bar.

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If there is no Flag or Character Viewer icon, you must enable it.

  1. Open the System Preferences window (Apple Menu → System Preferences…).
  2. Click the 'Language & Text' icon.
  3. Select the 'Input Sources' near the top of the window, then make sure the 'Keyboard & Character Viewer' option is checked, as well as the 'Show Input menu in menu bar' option near the bottom of the window. You can also select different keyboard options for different languages as shown below.

You can now select Show Character Viewer from the Input Sources menu.

When you open Character Viewer, the window should look like this:

The characters are organized into different categories such as Arrows, Bullets/Stars, Emoji, and Punctuation. You can select a category from the left side of the window to view the corresponding characters. When you find the character you want, simply double-click it to insert it wherever the flashing cursor is located. You can also click and drag a symbol from the Character Viewer window to a document or text field.

4. Unicode Hex Input

Unicode Hex Input shortcuts are key combinations that insert special characters using the Option key and the hexadecimal code of the Unicode character. To use this method, you must first enable Unicode Hex Input by following the steps below.

  1. Open up your System Preferences window. you can do this through your toolbar or you can go to the Apple icon in the Input menu bar and selecting System Preferences….
  2. Once in the System Preferences window, go to 'Language & Text' (the blue flag icon).
  3. Select 'Input Sources,' then in the scroll list on the left check 'Unicode Hex Input,' which is near the bottom. You can also select different keyboard languages if you'd like.

Now, click the Input Sources option (flag icon) in the menu bar and select Unicode Hex Input from the drop down list.

To insert a special character using Unicode Hex input, hold the Option key on your keyboard and type the hex code that corresponds to the desired special character.

Below are some examples of Option+hexadecimal value keys:

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  1. ◣ - Option+25E3
  2. ▽ - Option+25BD
  3. 人 - Option+4EBA
  4. ① - Option+2460
  5. ౪ - Option+0C6A

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While Unicode Hex Input can be used to enter more characters than the other methods, it requires you to know the hexadecimal codes of characters in order to enter them. Therefore, unless you have a table of hex codes available, it can be difficult to use Unicode Hex Input correctly. To help you learn the hex codes of some special characters, we have posted them next to the special characters used in the ChatSlang emoticon pages, such as the Flipping Table emoticon. You can find several other special characters and their associated hex codes by viewing the emoticons listed on the Kaomoji Emoticons page.

NOTE: When you select Unicode Hex Input from the Input Sources menu, you will not be able to use the standard Option key shortcuts. If you want to use Option key shortcuts again, simply select a different option (such as U.S.) from the Input Sources menu.

Updated: August 13, 2013

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